blog post #4

Blog post #4- the effect of World War 1

First, the countries involved in World War 1, During World War 1 Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire were the “Central Powers”; on the other side, Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Romania, Japan and the U.S. were the “Allied Powers”. Starting with Germany, who had lost World War 1, the country was not looking great at all, in fact, if u know what Germany used to be like, you will not even recognize the country after the war. Around 3 million Germans were killed, including 15 percent of its men. And Germany had forced to become a republic instead of a Monarchy. And Due to the Versatile’s treaty, the German economy was torn apart, they were forced to pay a huge number of reparations to Great Britain and France. Not only did the Germans have to pay HUGE reparation, but the unemployment in Germany had also skyrocketed during and after World War 1. Overall, it had not been a great war for the Germans. For Austria, it had not been a great time too, after World War 1 had ended, Austria-Hungary had lost around 710,000 people due to the war, cold, and epidemics. And soon after World War 1 had ended, Austria-Hungary had dissolved, separating Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia. And Austria changed its name into The Republic of German-Austria. Bulgaria was on the side of Germany, which had lost the war, so I think you can see how this is going to end for their country. After World War 1, Bulgaria had lost 100,000 men (only count the ones in the army), and 200,000 more were injured, and the people were suffering a lack of food and unstoppable inflation. Ottoman Empire had suffered the greatest loss out of all the countries that had participated in World War 1. After World War 1 ended, 2.6 million men were mobilized during the war, returning with the loss of 325,000 men, and 400,000 men left injured, 202,000 men were taken into prison and so on. Nearly 14% of the entire population had died during World War 1.

On the winning side, Great Britain was not looking great after all. Britain suffered 715,000 military deaths, approximately 1.4 million wounded, the economy completely boomed because it had spent over 25% of its GDP on the war. Even though Great Britain won the war but at a huge cost. France was very much weakened, they were the main force on the eastern side fighting the Germans, which had cost them to experience a huge drop in the economy and a decrease in political power. 2.5 million farmlands were destroyed, and the army suffered around 6 million casualties, including 1.4 million dead and 4.2 million wounded. Russia had not been great during the war, losing around 2.7 million people, and the economy was at a historically low point, the country was economically crushing. But World War 1 had woken up the Russian citizens, the Russian peasants that had been ruled by the Tzars for centries, finally realizing how bad their government was, as they started the Russian revolution, fighting for their freedom, fighting for a better future, a better country, bringing the end of the Russian empires, bringing the end to the dictatorship happening in Russia. Italy had suffered a great loss in the war, they’ve spent more money than it had in the previous 50 years 3 years into the war, it had been costly, not only did it cost a lot of money, but it had also cost a lot of lives, it had cost cities after cities being toured down to the ground, houses were destroyed, farmlands were stumped. And even though they had been on the winning side, it isn’t much of a win, because they had lost northern and central Italy to the Germans, who later set up the “Italian Social Republic”. Japan, had been few of the countries that had benefited from world war 1, they had increased shipments and treading towards many countries, almost doubled its economy in just 5 years, but good things always come with bad things after it, because of the massive capital influx and the money came from all around world had caused Japan to go through a rapid inflation.

 

Research on Germany:

https://www.history.com/news/germany-world-war-i-debt-treaty-versailles#:~:text=At%20the%20end%20of%20World,by%20their%20nation’s%20bitter%20loss.

“Up to 3 million Germans, including 15 percent of its men, had been killed. Germany had been forced to become a republic instead of a monarchy”

https://marcuse.faculty.history.ucsb.edu/classes/33d/projects/1920s/Econ20s.htm

“Due to the Versailles treaty, Germany was forced to pay incredibly sizeable reparations to France and Great Britain”

https://www.ushmm.org/learn/holocaust/path-to-nazi-genocide/chapter-1/aftermath-of-world-war-i-and-the-rise-of-nazism-1918-1933

In the aftermath of World War I, Germans struggled to understand their country’s uncertain future. Citizens faced poor economic conditions, skyrocketing unemployment, political instability, and profound social change.

Research on Austria:

https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/war_losses_austria-hungary#:~:text=Indirect%20losses%20for%20Austria%2DHungary,and%20poverty%20remained%20a%20problem.

Indirect losses for Austria-Hungary can be estimated at 460,000 caused by famine, cold, and epidemics (the Spanish flu additionally caused 250,000 victims)

http://www.csun.edu/~sr6161/world/unit%206/Unit%206%20Detail%202.pdf

The former empire of Austria-Hungary was dissolved, and new nations were created from its land: Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Austria

When this empire collapsed after the end of World War I in 1918, Austria was reduced to the main, mostly German-speaking areas of the empire (its current frontiers), and adopted the name The Republic of German-Austria.

Research on Bulgaria:

https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria/World-War-I

“By the autumn of 1918, approximately 900,000 Bulgarian men, nearly 40 percent of the male population, had been conscripted. The army suffered 300,000 casualties, including 100,000 killed,”

“Those in the towns suffered from shortages of food and fuel and from runaway inflation”

Researches on Ottoman Empire

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire_in_World_War_I#:~:text=Ottoman%20casualties%20of%20World%20War,the%20time%20of%20the%20armistice.

“Ottoman casualties of World War I, the Ottoman Empire mobilized a total of 2.6 million men. It lost 325,000 men and 400,000 were injured. 202,000 men were taken prisoner, mostly by the British and the Russians, and one million deserted, leaving only 323,000 men under arms at the time of the armistice.”

http://www.t-vine.com/lest-we-forget-ottoman-empire-bore-heaviest-civilian-casualties-during-world-war-i/

“Nearly 14% of the entire population of the Ottoman Empire died during the First World War”

Research on Great Britain:

https://voxeu.org/article/walking-wounded-british-economy-aftermath-world-war-i#:~:text=Britain%20incurred%20715%2C000%20military%20deaths,Broadberry%20and%20Harrison%2C%202005).

Britain incurred 715,000 military deaths (with more than twice that number wounded), the destruction of 3.6% of its human capital, 10% of its domestic and 24% of its overseas assets, and spent well over 25% of its GDP on the war effort between 1915 and 1918 (Broadberry and Harrison, 2005)\

Research on France:

https://schoolworkhelper.net/effects-of-world-war-i-on-france/

France’s economy after World War 1 was ruined. … The war against Germany at the western front was fought mainly in France, which caused a drop in the economy. France experienced a dramatic decrease in manpower

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Army_in_World_War_I

The French army suffered around 6 million casualties, including 1.4 million dead and 4.2 million wounded, roughly 71% of those who fought.

https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/post-war_economies_france

2.5 million agricultural hectars were devastated;